More details The Black Sea remains a critical geopolitical hotspot amid ongoing conflicts and environmental challenges. Recent events, such as the deployment of Russian Kalibr missile carriers and Ukrainian naval drone strikes, demonstrate the region's strategic military significance. The presence of NATO member countries including Turkey and Romania reflects intensified efforts for regional security. Alongside military activities, environmental concerns have surfaced with multiple contaminated fuel oil reports post-tanker accidents. This duality of military and environmental threats underpins the urgent need for cooperative security measures and sustainable management of the Black Sea.